Symmetric vs Asymmetric Encryption
Symmetric encryption: encrypting and decrypting with the same key is fast but difficult to distribute. Asymmetric encryption: Public key encryption and private key decryption, secure but slow. HTTPS combines both.
TLS handshake process
The client sends a 'Client Hello' message; Server returns the Server Hello+certificate; Client verification certificate; Negotiate session key; Start encrypted communication.
Why is it safe
Encryption to prevent eavesdropping; Certificate defense against man in the middle attacks; Integrity verification to prevent tampering.
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