Why use smart pointers
Automatically manage memory. No need to manually delete to avoid memory leaks and dangling pointers.
Three types of intelligent pointers
Unique_ptr: Exclusive ownership, cannot be copied. Shared_ptr: Shared ownership, reference count. Weak_ptr: Weak reference, solves circular references.
How to choose
The default is unique_ptr. Shared_ptr is required for sharing. There is a circular reference with weak_ptr.
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