Why do we need HTTPS
HTTP is a plaintext transmission that is susceptible to eavesdropping and tampering. HTTPS ensures data security through encryption.
Encryption algorithm
Symmetric encryption (AES) is fast, while asymmetric encryption (RSA) is secure but slow. HTTPS combines both: exchanging keys using asymmetric encryption and transmitting data using symmetric encryption.
digital certificate
Issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) to verify the identity of the website.
Trust Chain
Root CA → Intermediate CA → Website certificate, verified step by step.
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